Individuals and Environments
-Specific ways in which individuals and environments interact
Personal Control
-Social-cognitive psychologists emphasize our sense of personal control, whether we control the environment or the environment controls us.
External Locus of Control: perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate.
Internal Locus of Control: perception that we can control our own fate.
Learned Helplessness: When unable to avoid repeated adverse events, an animal or human learns helplessness.
Positive Psychology and Humanistic Psychology
- positive psychology, such as humanistic psychology, attempts to foster human fulfillment. It seeks positive subjective well-being, positive character, and positive social groups.
Optimism vs. Pessimism: An optimistic or pessimistic attribution style is your way of explaining positive or negative events. Positive psychology aims to discover and promote conditions that enable individuals and communities to thrive.
Assessing Behavior in Situations
Social-cognitive psychologists observe people in realistic and simulated situations because they find that it is the best way to predict the behavior of others in similar situations.
Criticisms
The social-cognitive perspective on personality sensitizes researchers to the effects of situations on and by individuals. It builds on learning and cognition research.
Critics say that social-cognitive psychologists pay a lot of attention to the situation and pay less attention to the individual, his unconscious mind, his emotions, and his genetics.
External Locus of Control: perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate.
Internal Locus of Control: perception that we can control our own fate.
Learned Helplessness: When unable to avoid repeated adverse events, an animal or human learns helplessness.
Positive Psychology and Humanistic Psychology
- positive psychology, such as humanistic psychology, attempts to foster human fulfillment. It seeks positive subjective well-being, positive character, and positive social groups.
Optimism vs. Pessimism: An optimistic or pessimistic attribution style is your way of explaining positive or negative events. Positive psychology aims to discover and promote conditions that enable individuals and communities to thrive.
Assessing Behavior in Situations
Social-cognitive psychologists observe people in realistic and simulated situations because they find that it is the best way to predict the behavior of others in similar situations.
Criticisms
The social-cognitive perspective on personality sensitizes researchers to the effects of situations on and by individuals. It builds on learning and cognition research.
Critics say that social-cognitive psychologists pay a lot of attention to the situation and pay less attention to the individual, his unconscious mind, his emotions, and his genetics.
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